On 18 May 2015, the Czech Government approved an updated version of the State Energy Policy of the Czech Republic prepared by the Ministry of Industry and Trade with a 2040 timeline. The energy policy specifies a comprehensive set of priorities and long term goals, taking into account energy, environmental, economic and social interests (see http://www.mpo.cz/dokument155315.html).

The outlined strategic objectives are based on the European Union’s energy strategy and are aimed at meeting the targets of the State Energy Policy to fulfil the long term vision for the energy sector in the Czech Republic. The top strategic objectives are: (1) security of energy supplies; (2) competitiveness of the energy sector and social acceptability; and (3) sustainable development.

The Czech energy policy is clearly determined by factors regarding international energy policy and the global market, of which the Czech economy is solely reliant for gas and petroleum imports. The possibility of using various energy sources is limited in the Czech Republic due to the country’s natural potential and economic specifics, which determine their comparative advantages and disadvantages. The potential of energy from renewable resources is limited by the natural conditions of the Czech Republic (climate, geology and soil) and environmental protection requirements (soil, water, landscape character, flora and fauna).

TABLE 1. ESTIMATED AVAILABLE ENERGY SOURCES

*Solid, liquid: million tonnes; gas: billion m³; uranium: metric tonnes; hydro, renewable: TW.

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

The general energy balance (energy statistics) is shown in Table 2 (for electricity, see Table 3). The year 1995 is represented as the bottom of a U-curve, i.e. the lowest level of economic activity after domestic restructuring.

To date, brown coal is the main source of energy and generates approximately 58% of the country’s primary energy sources. But, in absolute numbers, its use has decreased by about 20% since 1990. Import of both crude oil (mainly for transport) and natural gas has increased mainly as the result of road transport expansion and replacement of coal by gas for heating. An increase in ‘primary heat and electricity’ (mainly nuclear) between 2000 and 2005 is also the result of the commissioning of the Temelín nuclear power plant (NPP).

TABLE 2. ENERGY STATISTICS

*Latest available data.

**Energy consumption = primary energy consumption + net import (import–export) of secondary energy.

***Solid fuels include coal lignite.

n.a.: not applicable.

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

As the energy sector was mostly privatized by 2002, there is no special electricity policy — some aspects of domestic energy policy can be interpreted as an electricity policy, though the decision making process is based on the decisions of individual companies inside of a legal and institutional framework, described below.

The state still owns about 70% of shares of CEZ, a.s. (Czech Power Company, www.cez.cz), the major domestic energy production and distribution company. In the long term, state influence in the energy sector is anticipated only in the form of indirect measures (legislation, pricing and taxes), regulating natural monopolies in particular industries and assuring energy security (mainly by management of ownership rights).

The legislative background is as follows:

• The Act on Business Conditions and Public Administration in the Energy Sectors (Energy Act No. 458/2000 Coll., as amended by Act No. 131/2015 Coll.) establishes a new regulatory regime to regulate business in the electrical power sector. According to the Energy Act, electricity generation, distribution, transmission and trading is subject to licensing. Support for cogeneration of electricity and heat in the form of a duty to buy the produced electricity and in the provision of financial support to electricity production is stated as well. The Energy Act introduces the market environment, opens the electricity and gas markets and establishes relevant institutions: the Energy Regulatory Office (www.eru.cz), the Electricity Market Operator (www.ote-cr.cz) and the State Energy Inspection (www.cr-sei.cz).

• The Energy Management Act No. 406/2000 Coll. stipulates the rights and obligations of natural and legal bodies in the management of energy, in particular, electricity and heat, as well as gas and other fuels. It aims to contribute to the economical use of natural resources and protection of the environment, as well as to more efficient use of energy, enhanced competitiveness, and reliable energy supplies and to the sustainable development of society.

Electricity trade is organized and regulated by the Electricity Market Operator (EMO), which is a state-owned stock company. The key role of the EMO is to organize the electricity market and flow of information between the market players.

A regulatory role is performed by two state bodies and the technical status is inspected by the State Energy Inspection, which is the government body that supervises energy facilities.

From an economic perspective, the regulatory function is performed by the Energy Regulatory Office (ERO), as defined in the Energy Act. It is the state administrative body appointed by and responsible to the Cabinet. Its operating costs are covered by the state budget approved every year by the Parliament. The general mission of the ERO is to support economic competition and protect consumers’ interests in the energy sector, aiming to meet all reasonable requirements for energy supply, i.e. electricity, gas and heat supplies.

About two thirds of electricity production is concentrated in CEZ, a.s. (plc.), the joint stock company which owns 12 coal power plants on Czech territory, two nuclear power plants (Dukovany and Temelín), 31 hydro power plants (including three pumped-storage hydro power plants), 12 solar power stations and two wind power plants (www.cez.cz/). The remaining electrical power production is provided by plants owned largely by independent producers (e.g. International Power Opatovice, a.s., Elektrárna Kolín, a.s.) or by auto producers in industry and local heat producers (co-generation), and by regional utilities.

Electricity is distributed (as well as imported and exported) by the Czech electricity transmission system CEPS, a.s. (www.ceps.cz), a state-owned shareholding company which owns and operates the backbone high voltage power transmission system (400 kV, 220 kV and some 110 kV lines) in addition to a dispatching centre.

Electricity distribution to final consumers is provided by three electrical power distribution companies (utilities) — CEZ, a.s., E.ON Distribution, a.s. (https://www.eon.cz/en) and PRE Group (https://www.pre.cz/en). Since 2006, a consumer of any size (including households) can select its electricity supplier. The role of former utilities is in servicing distribution lines and providing them to the delivery organization at the cost defined by the ERO.

Table 3 shows electricity production and installed capacity, and Table 4 energy related indicators. The energy sources for electricity production have been quite stable for several years since the Temelín NPP has been in full operation and the main hydro potential, which cannot be further substantially increased due to physical conditions, has been utilized.

TABLE 3. INSTALLED CAPACITY, ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND COMPSUMPTION

*Latest available data.

**Electricity transmission losses are not deducted.

n.a.: not applicable.

—: not available.

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

TABLE 4. ENERGY RELATED RATIOS

*Latest available data.

**Net import/Total energy consumption.

n.a.: not applicable.

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

The nuclear power era in the former Czechoslovakia started in the 1950s, and the decision to build an NPP was founded on an established research and development (R&D) capability due to the machinery industry which had a long tradition of success and a lack of fossil fuels (an absence of significant resources of oil and gas and shrinking coal reserves). A heavy water gas-cooled reactor was built and operated in Jaslovské Bohunice (now Slovakia). It was commissioned in 1972 after more than 10 years of construction, and permanently shut down in 1976 after two accidents. Even though a bigger reactor of the same type was in a design stage it was decided to switch to the pressurized water reactor (PWR) type under the influence of the former Soviet Union in Eastern Europe.

In the 1970s, four WWER 440/213 reactors were built at the Dukovany site. The Soviet design was adopted and Czech industry was gradually involved in the production of almost the whole of the plant equipment, with the exception of fuel and the main circulation pumps. Czech industry also became the supplier of these parts for other Eastern European countries (e.g. 20 reactor vessels were made by Škoda). In the mid-1980s, construction of the WWER 1000 began at the Temelín site. In 1993, the government decided to change the reactor control system (I&C) and the fuel to meet the state of the art criteria of safety, and Westinghouse was selected as a supplier. The project manufacture of four units was reduced to two units. Finally, at the beginning of the 21st century, the two units were completed and put into commercial operation in 2003.

During the period of economic reconstruction in the 1990s, a lack of demand for nuclear equipment led to a loss of industrial capacity. In the past few years demand was partially renewed for sub-deliveries, mainly for Areva Company for the Olkiluoto 3 (Finland) and Jules Horowitz (France) reactors.

In August 2009, CEZ, a.s., launched a tender for the construction of two more units at the Temelín NPP site (Temelín 3 and 4). Final selection was expected to be made in September 2013, but the decision was delayed and afterward cancelled.

According to the State Energy Policy of the Czech Republic (see http://www.mpo.cz/dokument155315.html), the primary objectives include: (1) supporting and accelerating the process of negotiating, preparing and implementing new nuclear units at existing nuclear power plant sites with a total output of up to 2500 MW, or annual production of app. 20 TWh by 2030–2035; and (2) creating conditions to extend the lifetime of the Dukovany plant to 50 years and, if possible, to 60 years.

The organization of the Czech Government can be seen in Fig. 1. The Ministry of Industry and Trade is a political ministry with the principal responsibility for overall energy policy and support of selected fields. The State Office for Nuclear Safety (SÚJB) belongs to a group of ‘non-political’ offices of the Government alongside, for example, the State Energy Inspection (i.e. these institutions have their own budget not connected to any ‘political’ Ministry). Heads of these organizations are appointed by the Cabinet on a professional basis.

FIG. 1: Position of the SÚJB in the state administration.

In the Czech Republic, there are several reactors in operation, including:

• Four units operating at Dukovany (WWER 440/V213 type PWRs), with a total installed power of 2040 MWe;

• Two units at Temelín (WWER 1000/V320 type PWRs), with a total installed power of 2110 MWe.

TABLE 5. STATUS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

FIG. 2. Map of nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic.

In 2015, Dukovany NPP had been in operation for thirty years and Temelín NPP for fifteen years. The SÚJB conditionally approved operation of both NPPs on the performance of a periodic safety seview (PSR) to the extent specified in the IAEA Safety Standard Series No. NS-G-2.10, Periodic Safety Review of Nuclear Power Plants. The first review at Dukovany NPP was performed in 2005–2006 and the second in 2013–2014. The results of these reviews served as the basis of an application for a permit for operation after 2015, following 30 years of operation.

In September 2015, CEZ Inc., as an operator of Dukovany NPP, applied for SÚJB’s approval to operate the unit Dukovany-1 to 2025. After implementing all required conditions and in accordance with Atomic Act No. 18/1997, SÚJB issued an operating license for Unit 1 for an indeterminate period. The new operating licence issued on 30 March 2016 (valid from 1 April 2016) includes almost 99 conditions, which, if not fulfilled, could be a reason to withdraw the licence. The licence imposes on CEZ Inc. an obligation to inform SÚJB about operation beyond the scope of the licence to ensure the efficient performance of the state administration as well as the regulatory body. Nevertheless, in connection with the enactment of the New Atomic Act No. 263/2016 Coll., as of 1 January 2017, the validity of the decision issued for Block 1 operation is limited to the period until 2027.

The application for the licence to continue operation of Dukovany NPP Unit 2 was submitted by CEZ, a.s., on 2 January 2017 and for Units 3 and 4 on 30 June 2017. In accordance with Atomic Act No. 263/2016, SÚJB issued an operating licence for Unit 2 as of 28 June 2017 and for Unit 3 and 4 as of 19 December 2017, for an indeterminate period.

For more information about upgrades and modernization of both NPPs please refer to the latest Czech Republic National Report under the Convention on Nuclear Safety.

The Post Fukushima National Action Plan was drafted on the basis of the EU Stress Tests and provides a new stage of further enhancement of the plant safety levels.

The updated State Energy Policy of the Czech Republic considers nuclear power to be a feasible and desirable option.

Within the time frame of the State Energy Policy, several future considerations are outlined, including (1) supporting the development of nuclear energy, including a target of nuclear energy to comprise 50% of the amount of electricity generated and maximizing heat supplies from nuclear power plants; (2) supporting and accelerating the process of negotiating, preparing and implementing new nuclear units at existing nuclear power plants sites with a total output of up to 2500 MW, or annual production of approx. 20 TWh by the years 2030–2035; (3) creating conditions to extend the lifetime of the Dukovany plant (to 50 to 60 years), taking account of technology, safety and security, the economy and EU rules; (4) scheduling the potential construction of a new block at existing nuclear power plant sites in line with the expected decommissioning of the Dukovany NPP, i.e. after 2035; and (5) making a decision concerning the storage of nuclear waste by 2025 https://www.mpo.cz/assets/en/energy/state-energy- policy/2017/11/State-Energy-Policy-_2015__EN.pdf

In addition, the policy recommends making greater use of heat energy produced from nuclear sources to heat large urban agglomerations. If nuclear power were to continue to be used for a long period of time, it would also be necessary to explore and prepare, as needed, sites for future additional nuclear power stations after 2040.

It is assumed that the delivery of new units will be a ‘turnkey’ project.

At the moment, no official plan has been announced.

The backbone internal electric grid owned by CEPS is adequate for internal transfers. New investments will be oriented mainly towards strengthening the connection of new units.

In accordance with the strategic task defined in the updated state energy concept (SEC), construction of new nuclear facilities in the Czech Republic is desirable. This plan includes immediate preparations for the siting and construction of one nuclear unit at the Temelín NPP site and one unit at the Dukovany NPP site, while protecting against the potential risks by obtaining the necessary permits/licences for the possibility of constructing two units at both sites: http://www.sujb.cz/fileadmin/sujb/docs/zpravy/narodni_zpravy/CZ_NR_2016.pdf

CEZ, a.s., initiates efforts on a long term basis to establish friendly and mutually beneficial relationships with the towns, municipalities and populations within the vicinity of the power plants. These relationships are based on mutual confidence and honesty, and the public has an opportunity to ensure that safety is a priority during operation of nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic. Support of the development of nuclear energy in the Czech Republic was 72% after the 2011 Fukushima accident and has since increased to 74%.

In the region of the Dukovany NPP, representatives and residents of municipalities living in the plant’s vicinity and the general public have been allowed to inspect the plant premises, including both spent nuclear fuel interim storage facilities; their questions and comments have been answered. Reliable operation of the Dukovany NPP and the above mentioned activities bring the expected result. A total of 86% of the population within 20 km of the Dukovany NPP supports modernization and long term operation of the Dukovany NPP and 70% is supportive of its development.

The communication strategy of the Communication Division at the Temelín NPP set down key target groups of the population. The groups are addressed using a broad mix of above the line and below the line communication facilities. The most important group exchanging information on an intensive basis is made up of the mayors of 33 municipalities within 13 km of the emergency planning zone around Temelín NPP. Apart from personal contacts, the power plant organizes 4–6 working meetings annually with the mayors in the presence of power plant and CEZ, a.s., company management. In Melk, the prime ministers of the Czech Republic and Austria concluded a general agreement in December 2000 on the exchange of information between both states on the operation of Temelín NPP. A number of expert negotiations took place on the basis of this agreement which are also available in Czech, English and German on the CEZ, a.s., web site: http://www.sujb.cz/fileadmin/sujb/docs/zpravy/narodni_zpravy/CZ_NR_2016.pdf.

Thanks to these activities, as of October 2016 approximately 53% of respondents to a poll would agree to the construction of a new NPP in the country; this opinion has held steady. Neither the poll results nor long term trends indicate any significant fear of NPPs in terms of the risk of a nuclear accident or adverse environmental impacts. According to the respondents, the main issue is the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and fear of increased construction costs if a new power plant is built: https://www.cez.cz/en/power-plants-and-environment/nuclear-power-plants/dukovany/construction-of-new-nuclear-power-sources/attitude-of-the-czech-public-to-nuclear-power.html

Responsibility for research in the area of nuclear energy is divided between the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic and the SÚJB. While the first ministry sponsors any general research in the area, SÚJB supports projects aiming to increase nuclear safety.

Most activities in the area of nuclear energy R&D are carried out by the Nuclear Research Institute at Rež, a.s. (founded in 1955); its daughter company, Research Centre Rež, s.r.o. (established in 2002); and by the Czech Technical University in Prague.

ÚJP Praha, a.s., performs specialized research into fuel element cladding — it is a successor of the former Nuclear Fuel Institute (ÚJP) established in 1966 as a subsidiary of the state-owned enterprise DIAMO.

Several institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciences and other universities such as West Bohemia University in Plzen are marginally included in nuclear power research as well.

At present, three research nuclear reactors are operated in the Czech Republic. Two experimental reactors are located in the vicinity of Prague at the Research Centre Rež, s.r.o. — LVR-15 and LR-0 — and one training reactor VR-1 is operated by the Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague.

The Czech Republic is an active member of the IAEA International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO), which provided several studies as in-kind contributions in its framework.

The Nuclear Research Institute at Rež, a.s., together with the Research Centre Rež, s.r.o., is engaged in several international research projects under the EU framework programmes on nuclear safety, waste management and other topics in the nuclear field.

The Czech Republic has fruitful international cooperation with a number of international nuclear organizations and is a member of a number of international nuclear organizations and associations such as the IAEA and the Nuclear Energy Agency of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD/NEA).

Intensive cooperation is carried out within the European Union. The Czech Republic is involved in the development of European legislation in the European Council as well as in the planning and realization of EuropeAid projects under the Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation (INSC) and Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA).

The SÚJB is a member of the following associations:

• Western European Nuclear Regulators’ Association (WENRA);

• WWER Forum (established by the regulatory bodies of countries operating Soviet designed PWRs);

• Association of countries with small nuclear programs (NERS).

In the area of safeguards, the Czech Republic is a member of the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) and the Zangger Committee.

CEZ, a.s., is also a member of the World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO).

Czech scientists take part in research activities organized by international organizations such as OECD/NEA, ISOE, INEX, IRS and programmes of CERN, Dubna and others.

The Czech Republic has concluded agreements to exchange information with all neighbouring states and general cooperation agreements with other countries having a substantial nuclear programme.

The Czech Republic is a member of the international conventions and treaties listed in Appendix 1.

The SÚJB was established as the Czech Republic’s national regulatory authority in the nuclear safety and radiation protection field on 1 January 1993 by Act No. 21/1992 Coll. The competencies of the former Czechoslovak Atomic Energy Commission were divided into regulatory activities (nuclear safety and safeguards), transferred to the SÚJB, and promotional activities, transferred to the Ministry of Industry and Trade. In 1995, the SÚJB assumed regulatory responsibility in the overall area of radiation protection (from the Ministry of Health) and in 2005 extended the scope of its responsibilities to regulation in the area of material and technologies which could be used for chemical and biological weapons (from the Ministry of Industry and Trade). To simplify the inspection process in important mechanical parts in nuclear installations (like pressure tubes or vessels) ‘technical’ safety responsibility in the area was also transferred to the SÚJB.

The legal framework of the SÚJB is provided by the Act on the Peaceful Utilization of Nuclear Energy and Ionizing Radiation (the ‘Atomic Act’, Act No. 263/2016 Coll.). Other legal documents specifying the powers of the SÚJB are listed in Section 3.2.

The SÚJB is an independent central body of the state administration, with its own budget. It is headed by a chairperson appointed by the Government. The chairperson can, on request, be present at a meeting of the Government. Regulatory decisions of the SÚJB (except those relating to fines) cannot be changed by any other Government body. Deputy chairpersons, directors of departments and heads of divisions, as well as nuclear safety and radiation protection inspectors, are appointed by the chairperson of the SÚJB.

The SÚJB has about 200 employees. Its organizational chart is presented in Fig. 3.

FIG. 3: Organizational chart of the SÚJB.

The licensing process legislative framework is defined by Act No. 263/2016 Coll., on Spatial Planning and Building Rules (the Building Act), the Atomic Act and their implementing decrees.

In the case of construction of a nuclear installation, the Building Act establishes a three-stage procedure for its permitting (site decision, construction permit and final inspection approval). The Ministry of Regional Development exercises the competence of a building office to issue a site decision (siting) pursuant to Section 13, paragraph 2 of Act No. 183/2006 Coll. The construction permit and operating licence (permanent operation) are issued by the Department of Planning and Building Control of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Their resolutions are conditional upon positions issued by specialized regulatory bodies, including the SÚJB. The Department of Planning and Building Control of the Ministry of Industry and Trade can issue the operating licence only with the approval of the municipal department of planning and building control competent to issue the site decision, which verifies observance of its conditions; the approval is not an administrative action. If neither site decision nor site approval is issued, the opinion of the municipal department of planning and building control on compliance of the designed site with projects of regional planning shall be sufficient.

The Atomic Act establishes how to utilize nuclear energy and ionizing radiation, as well as conditions for the performance of activities related to that utilization. A precondition for the performance of such activities is a licence issued by the SÚJB with an administrative procedure, which is independent of the above described procedure required under the Building Act. The Atomic Act explicitly forbids launching siting, construction, operation and other activities at nuclear installations requiring a licence issued by the SÚJB, before the respective licence becomes legally effective.

Aside from the three-stage process mentioned above, the approval procedure also includes a number of other partial licences issued by the SÚJB in accordance with the Atomic Act during different stages of the service life of a nuclear installation.

According to the provisions of Section 19 of the Atomic Act, the licensee shall verify nuclear safety during all stages of the installation’s service life (in the scope appropriate for the particular licences), assess it in a systematic and comprehensive manner from the aspect of the current level of science and technology, and ensure that results of such assessments are translated into practical measures. The verification/assessment shall be documented. The content of the documentation is specified in the Appendix to the Atomic Act. A safety assessment is, in compliance with the Atomic Act, reviewed by the SÚJB, both analytically and within its inspection activities.

The implementing decrees complement the Atomic Act to establish basic criteria for the nuclear safety assessment of a nuclear installation during different stages of its service life.

For more information, see the latest National Report of the Czech Republic under the Convention on Nuclear Safety.

http://www.sujb.cz/fileadmin/sujb/docs/zpravy/narodni_zpravy/CZ_NR_2016.pdf

Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Atomic Energy Agency

Revised Supplementary Agreement Concerning the Provision of Technical Assistance by the International Atomic Energy Agency to the Government of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic

Agreement between the Government of the CSSR and the Government of Austria on the Issues of Common Interest Related to Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

Protocol between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Republic of Austria which changes the Agreement between the Government of the CSSR and the Government of Austria on the Issues of Common Interest Related to Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

Agreement between the Government of the CSFR and the Government of Germany on the Issues of Common Interest Related to Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

Agreement between the Government of the CSFR and the Government of Hungary on the Issues of Common Interest Related to Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Russian Federation on Cooperation in the Nuclear Energy Field

Amendment to the Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Russian Federation on Cooperation in the Nuclear Energy Field

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of Canada on Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Slovak Republic on Cooperation in the State Regulation of Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Materials

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of Ukraine on Cooperation in the Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Industry

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, the Russian Federation and the Government of Ukraine on Cooperation in the Transport of Nuclear Materials between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation over the Territory of the Slovak Republic and Ukraine

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Republic of Korea for Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Government of the CSSR and the Government of the Republic of India on Cooperation in Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Government of the CSSR and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria on Cooperation in Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Government of the CSSR and the Government of the Socialistic Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on Cooperation in Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Republic of Poland on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident and on Exchange of Information on the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Slovak Republic on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident

Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of Australia on Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy and Transfer of Nuclear Materials

Agreement between the CSSR and the USSR on Further Extending of Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement on the Application of Safeguards under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Additional Protocol to the Non-Proliferation Treaty Safeguards Agreement

Memorandum of Understanding between the State Office for Nuclear Safety (SÚJB) of the Czech Republic and the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) of China for the Exchange of Technical Information and Cooperation in Nuclear Safety Matters

Agreement between the Nuclear Installations Safety Directorate (France) and the State Office for Nuclear Safety (the Czech Republic) for the Exchange of Information and Cooperation in the Regulation of Nuclear Safety

Arrangement between the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic (SÚJB) and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of the United States of America (US NRC) for the Exchange of Technical Information and Cooperation in Nuclear Safety Matters

Implementing Agreement between the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US NRC) and the Czech Republic State Office for Nuclear Safety (SÚJB) Relating to Participation in the US NRC Cooperative Severe Accident Research Program (CSARP)

Implementing Agreement between the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US NRC) and the Czech Republic State Office for Nuclear Safety (SÚJB) on Application of Thermohydraulic Codes (CAMP)

Statement of Intent concluded between the Minister of Science and Technology of the Republic of Korea on one side and the Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic and the Chairman of the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic on the other side

Agreement on Cooperation in the Area of State Supervision of Nuclear Safety and Peaceful Utilization of Atomic Energy between the Federal Regulatory Authority of the Russian Federation and the Czech Republic State Office for Nuclear Safety

Arrangement between the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic and the State Commission for Nuclear Supervision of Ukraine on Cooperation in the Area of State Administration and Supervision of Nuclear and Radiation Safety in Uses of Nuclear Energy

Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation and Exchange of Information on Nuclear Safety between the SÚJB of the Czech Republic and the Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority

Arrangement between the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic and the Slovenian Nuclear Safety Administration for the Exchange of Information

Agreement for Cooperation between the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority of Finland and the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic

Memorandum of Understanding on Nuclear Cooperation between State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic and the Atomic Energy Council of Taiwan, China

Arrangement between the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic on the Exchange of Data from the Networks of Radiation Situation Monitoring

Programme of Cooperation between the SÚJB of the Czech Republic and the ÚJD of the Slovak Republic

Administrative Arrangement between the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission and the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic pursuant to the Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Czech Republic for Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

Agreement between the Committee for Nuclear Energy of the Romanian Socialist Republic and the Federal Committee for Technical and Investment Development of the CSSR

Memorandum of Cooperation of the Association of the State Nuclear Safety Authorities of the Countries Operating WWER Type Reactors

Memorandum of Cooperation of the Forum of the State Nuclear Authorities of the Countries Operating WWER Type Reactors

Protocol on Cooperation between the Interministerial Committee for Nuclear Safety under the Prime Minister of France and the Czechoslovak Federal Government Radiation Accident Commission

Software Licensing Agreement within the Regional Technical Cooperation Program RER/4/012 of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on Nuclear Fuel Modelling for WWER Type Reactors

Software Licensing Agreement between the European Commission, Directorate-General Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Transuranium Elements and the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic

Software Licensing Agreement within the PHARE Programme between the European Commission, Directorate-General JRC, Institute for Transuranium Elements and the State Office for Nuclear Safety of the Czech Republic