Environmental applications

TXRF is a useful tool for the analysis of environmental waters. Rain waters can be analyzed with almost no sample preparation, but samples from industrial and mining processes may require of some preparation procedure.

Air particulate matter can be collected directly into TXRF carriers using sampling cascade impactors, thus allowing gathering data for particle apportioning studies.

The use of bio-monitors in environmental studies benefits from the capabilities of these living organisms to concentrate heavy metals, thus easing the analysis. Lichens and other bio-monitors can be digested and analyzed by TXRF.