TABLE 18. CAUSES OF OUTAGES, 1971 TO 2003, FOR NON-PROTOTYPE REACTORS |
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Outage Cause |
Planned Full Outages |
Unplanned Full Outages |
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|
Energy Lost |
Time Lost |
Energy Lost |
Time Lost |
|||||
|
GW(e).h |
% |
Hours |
% |
GW(e).h |
% |
Hours |
% |
|
|
Plant equipment failure |
14666 |
0.2 |
21029 |
0.2 |
2889242 |
71.1 |
3907350 |
73.6 |
|
Refuelling without a maintenance |
7740 |
0.1 |
11213 |
0.1 |
84800 |
2.1 |
114279 |
2.2 |
|
Inspection, maintenance or repair combined with refuelling |
7673051 |
80.2 |
9540155 |
75.6 |
65968 |
1.6 |
80893 |
1.5 |
|
Inspection, maintenance or repair without refuelling |
1526582 |
16.0 |
2559605 |
20.3 |
19264 |
0.5 |
21061 |
0.4 |
|
Testing of plant systems or components |
71557 |
0.7 |
89478 |
0.7 |
27679 |
0.7 |
40939 |
0.8 |
|
Major back-fitting, refurbishment or upgrading activities with refuelling |
27600 |
0.3 |
40252 |
0.3 |
394 |
0.0 |
567 |
0.0 |
|
Nuclear regulatory requirements |
72405 |
0.8 |
159138 |
1.3 |
293740 |
7.2 |
346157 |
6.5 |
|
Grid failure or grid unavailability |
26 |
0.0 |
41 |
0.0 |
38011 |
0.9 |
79595 |
1.5 |
|
Load-following |
171967 |
1.8 |
189695 |
1.5 |
598166 |
14.7 |
663460 |
12.5 |
|
Human factor related |
181 |
0.0 |
176 |
0.0 |
12669 |
0.3 |
15885 |
0.3 |
|
Governmental requirements or court decisions |
|
|
|
|
207 |
0.0 |
275 |
0.0 |
|
Environmental conditions |
|
|
|
|
4859 |
0.1 |
4782 |
0.1 |
|
Fire |
|
|
|
|
1480 |
0.0 |
1702 |
0.0 |
|
External restrictions on supply and services. |
|
|
|
|
475 |
0.0 |
731 |
0.0 |
|
Fuel management limitation |
545 |
0.0 |
598 |
0.0 |
136 |
0.0 |
107 |
0.0 |
|
Others |
131 |
0.0 |
141 |
0.0 |
26813 |
0.7 |
32411 |
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
9566451 |
100.0 |
12611521 |
100.0 |
4063903 |
100.0 |
5310194 |
100.0 |
|
Note: 2003 is the latest year for which outage information is currently available to the IAEA. |
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|
- Only reactors which have achieved full commercial operation in or before 2003 are considered. |
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