TABLE 17. CAUSES OF OUTAGES DURING 2003 FOR NON-PROTOTYPE REACTORS

Outage Cause

Planned Full Outages

Unplanned Full Outages

Energy Lost

Time Lost

Energy Lost

Time Lost

GW(e).h

%

Hours

%

GW(e).h

%

Hours

%

Plant equipment failure

370

0.1

339

0.1

131199

79.9

149149

79.1

Refuelling without a maintenance

4030

1.1

4101

0.9

91

0.1

103

0.1

Inspection, maintenance or repair combined with refuelling

305009

82.9

346220

79.8

Inspection, maintenance or repair without refuelling

37095

10.1

50314

11.6

27

0.0

23

0.0

Testing of plant systems or components

2283

0.6

2080

0.5

81

0.0

116

0.1

TMajor back-fitting, refurbishment or upgrading activities with refuelling

7324

2.0

9402

2.2

197

0.1

335

0.2

Nuclear regulatory requirements

10994

3.0

20688

4.8

2423

1.5

2246

1.2

Grid failure or grid unavailability

3024

1.8

5497

2.9

Load-following (frequency control, reserve shutdown due to reduced energy demand)

3266

2.0

3068

1.6

Human factor related

181

0.0

176

0.0

786

0.5

903

0.5

Governmental requirements or court decisions

184

0.1

220

0.1

Environmental conditions (flood, storm, lightning, lack of cooling water , cooling water temperature limits etc.)

4794

2.9

4719

2.5

Fire

756

0.5

797

0.4

External restrictions on supply and services.

475

0.3

731

0.4

Fuel management limitation (including high flux tilt, stretch out or coast-down operation)

545

0.1

598

0.1

115

0.1

88

0.0

Others

131

100.0

141

16796

10.2

20469

10.9

TOTAL

367962

100.0

434059

100.0

164214

100.0

188464

100.0

Note: 2003 is the latest year for which outage information is currently available to the IAEA.

- Only reactors which have achieved full commercial operation in or before 2003 are considered.