KAZAKHSTAN

TABLE 1. POPULATION INFORMATION

  Average annual growth rate (%)
  1990 2000 2005 2011 2000 to 2011
Population (millions) 16.298 14.902 15.075 16.675 1.03
Population density (inhabitants/km2) 6.15 5.468 5.532 6.12 1.03
Urban population as % of total 57.01 56.35 57.15 54.66 0.78
Area (1000 km2): 2724.9

TABLE 2. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP)

Average annual growth rate (%)
  1990 2000 2005 2011 2000 to 2011
GDP (millions of current US$) 40304 18292 57123,7 184463.5 9.16
GDP per capita (current US$ per capita) 2.465 1.229 3.771 11.062 20,5
Dollar rate, tenge per 1 US dollar 142.13 132.88 146.62

TABLE 3. ESTIMATED ENERGY RESERVES

   Estimated energy reserves
Fossil Fuels Nuclear Renewables
Solid Liquid Gas Uranium
(1)		 Hydro
(2)		 Solar Total
Total amount in specific units* 170 200 6 500 1 820 1 500 000 2,350 3 900 000
Total amount in Exajoule (EJ) 942.20 31.16 66.28 328.31 47.2 5.525 1420.7

TABLE 4. ENERGY STATISTICS IN EXAJOULE (EJ)

  
 Average annual growth rate (%)
  1990 2000 2005 2010* 2000 to 2010*
 Energy consumption**        
       - Total 5,55 2,31 3,01 3,83 28
- Solids*** 1,62 0,84 1 1,11 15
- Liquids 0,74 0,28 0,38 0,53 37
- Gases 0,43 0,19 0,18 0,81 172
- Other 2,76 1,01 1,45 1,37 24,5
 Energy production
       - Total 6,42 4,67 6,33 8,33 34
- Solids*** 2,5 1,45 1,56 1,99 18
- Liquids 1,08 1,48 2,28 2,88 27
- Gases 0,24 0,31 0,33 1,02 108
- Other**** 2,6 1,44 2,16 2,44 31,5
 Net import (Import - Export)
       - Total -0,24 -1,63 -2,58 -3,12

TABLE 4. DOMESTIC COAL, OIL AND NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION

 Years Coal
(million tons)		 Oil
(million tons)		 Natural Gas
(billion cubic meters)
1995 83,3 18,1 5,9
1996 76,8 21,1 6,5
1997 72,6 23,4 8,1
1998 69.8 23.8 7,9
1999 58.4 26.7 9,9
2000 74.9 30.6 11,5
2001 79.1 36.1 11,6
2002 73.7 42.1 14,1
2003 84.9 45.4 16,6
2004 86.9 50.7 22,1
2006 96.2 54.3 26.38
2008 111.07 58.6 32.89
2010 103.51 67.9 36.2

TABLE 5. PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION

  2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2008 2010
Electricity production (TW.h) 51.6 55.4 58.3 63.9 66.9 71.6 80.35 82.66
Electricity production per capita (GW.h)  3.48 3.73 3.92 4.27 4.44 4.7 5.03 5.03

TABLE 6. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION AND CAPACITY

2005 2010
Capacity of electrical plants (GWe) 18.993 19.128
Thermal 16.774
Hydro 2.314
Wind 0.04
Electricity production (TW*h) 67.847 82.629
Thermal 59.5 72.47
Hydro 8.21 10
Total electricity consumption (TW*h) 67.717 76.560

TABLE 7. STATUS AND PERFORMANCE OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Station Types Net
Capacity		 Operator Status Reactor
Supplier		 Criticality Construction
Date		 Grid
Date		 Commercial
Date		 Shutdown
Date		 UCF
for
year
2011
BN-350 FBR 52 Permanent Shutdown MAEC-KAZ MAEC-KAZ 1964-10-01 1972-11-01 1973-07-16 1973-07-16 1999-04-22

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Type: BN-350, sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor
Location: Aktau (former Shevchenko) at the shore of the Caspian Sea, in western part of Kazakhstan
Operator: Owned by the National Atomic Company "KAZATOMPROM" and operated by its "MAEC-Kazatomprom" LLP.
Fuel: Uranium enriched to 17%, 21%, and 26%
Status: The plant was shut down since April 1999 and defuelling took place in October of 2000.

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

DECOMMISSIONNING PHASE

 Dates
From To
Reactor core defuelling 1999 2000
Partial dismantling 2000 Continued
Spent fuel packaging period 1999 2001
Spent fuel store period in the reactor pool 2001 Finished November 2010

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

FUEL MANAGEMENT

 Dates
From To
Transfer to at-reactor facility 1999 2001
Storage in on-site facility 2001 Continued
Under water storage 2001 Continued
Encapsulation 1999 2001
“Cold run” with TUK-123 December of 2009
TUKs with spent nuclear fuel have been transferred to long-term spent fuel storage facility at Baikal-1 site January of 2010 November 2010
TUKs with spent nuclear fuel are set to long-term spent fuel storage facility at Baikal-1 site November 2010 Continued

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Type: WWR-K, water cooled, moderated and reflected tank-type reactor
Location: Alatau, near Almaty
Operator: Owned by the National Nuclear Centre (NNC) and operated by its Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP)
Total capacity: 10 MW
Start of operation: 1967
Fuel: U-Al fuel with a U235 enrichment of 36%
Status In operation

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Type: IGR, impulse homogeneous uranium-graphite thermal neutron reactor with graphite reflector
Location: Kurchatov
Operator: Owned by the National Nuclear Centre and operated by its Institute of Atomic Energy (IAE)
Start of operation: 1961
Fuel: Enriched to over 90% U
Capacity In steady-state conditions, 1*106 KW; in pulse condition, 1*107 KW
Heat release: Maximum energy-release: in steady-state conditions, 5,2 Gjoules; 1 GJ in a pulse
Neutron flux: Maximum thermal 0.7*1017cm-2 s-1
Status In operation

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Type: EWG-1M, thermal light water heterogeneous vessel reactor with light water Moderator and coolant, beryllium reflector
Location: Kurchatov
Operator: Owned by NNC and operated by its IAE
Total capacity: 60 MW (thermal)
First criticality: 1972
Fuel: U-Zr fuel with U235 enrichment of 90%
Neutron flux: 1.7-3.4*1014cm-2 s-1
Status In operation

TABLE 7.1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Type: RA thermal neutron high-temperature gas heterogeneous reactor with air coolant, zirconium hydride moderator, beryllium reflector
Location: Kurchatov
Operator: Owned by NNC and operated by its IAE
Total capacity: Up to 0.4 MW
First criticality: 1986
Fuel: Ampoule bodies with 90% U235 enrichment
Neutron flux: Up to 5*1012cm-2 s-1
Status Fuel is unloaded
Source: Country Information