In an effort to illustrate the sustainability of nuclear power, this publication discusses current practices for water requirements in nuclear power plants, possible future trends in design of water cooled reactors and the technologies employed. It analyses best practices and strategies for lower water withdrawal rates and presents the trade-off between production of electricity and water use and consumption, explaining types of cooling systems to be selected. The book thus aims at enhancing the understanding of the issues related to water use, consumption and management in a larger picture.