This is the proceedings of an IAEA symposium to analyse uranium supply–demand scenarios and to present and discuss new developments in uranium geology, exploration, mining and processing, as well as in environmental requirements for uranium operations and site decommissioning. Within their sessions the meeting participants covered six basic themes: uranium markets and economics; social licensing in the uranium production cycle; uranium exploration and geology; uranium mining and processing; environmental and regulatory issues; and human resources development. The publication includes 27 papers presented in oral sessions, a report of the panel discussion, and 25 papers presented as posters (on CD-ROM).