This publication, which draws on the results of an IAEA coordinated research project and on input from dedicated experts in the field, provides a comprehensive overview of the technologies involved in the manufacture and operation of liquid and gas targets for cyclotron based production of radioisotopes. It covers the technology behind targetry, techniques for preparation of targets, irradiation of targets under high beam currents, target processing and target recovery among others. The publication will be useful to scientists and technologists interested in translating cyclotron based radioisotope production into practice, as well as to postgraduate students in the field.