Based on a coordinated research project (CRP) devoted to the assessment of innovative technology options for incinerating/utilizing radioactive waste, this publication compiles the findings of research and development activities addressing the utilization and transmutation of actinides and long lived fission products. It summarizes the outcome of comparative assessments between different incinerating/transmuting nuclear systems, describes the availability of methods and formulates the requirements for future theoretical developments in this area as purported in the CRP. This publication will be a useful guide for Member States pursuing advanced and innovative waste management strategies.