This publication was produced in the framework of an IAEA technical cooperation project and presents the latest trends in livestock production and cattle breeding management in Asia. It includes information on traits for dairy and beef cattle, their selection criteria, and breeding objectives, proposed systems for operating a cattle breeding and genetic improvement programme in Asia, and an overview of current and future technologies for improvement of cattle breeding. The publication is intended for livestock specialists involved in all levels of cattle breeding in Asia, but also for representatives from agricultural ministries, universities, departments of livestock and veterinary services as well as public and private veterinarians and consultants.