Slovakia

The size of the Slovak Republic is 49 036 km2 with 40% of the area situated up to the elevation of 300 m, 45% at the elevation between 300 and 800 m, and 15% at the elevation above 800 m. The lowest point is the mouth of Bodrog river at the elevation of 94 m and the highest situated point is Gerlachov peak at the elevation of 2655 m. Agricultural surface covers 49.9% from the entire Slovak territory, and forest surface 40.6%. The longest dimension in the east-west direction is 428 km and in the north-south direction 195 km. The Slovak Republic is a new country situated in the Central Europe. It was established on January 1, 1993. It is situated between 16º50'04" and 22º34'20" of east longitude, and between 47º35'55" and 49º36'54" of northern latitude (Fig. 1) in mild zone. The average annual temperature - a long-term average between 1901 and 1950 - is 10.1ºC in Bratislava and the average rainfall is 670 mm. Table 1 shows typical parameters from the Meteorological stations Jaslovské Bohunice and Mochovce.

In 2000, there were about 5.4 millions inhabitants and density of the population was 110 inhabitants per km2 (Table 2). 2.4 millions people were economically active, out of which 0.92 millions in industry and transport, 0.18 millions in agriculture, 0.49 millions in trade and services, and 0.81 millions in non-productive spheres.

TABLE 1. SELECTED PARAMETERS FROM METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS IN BOHUNICE AND MOCHOVCE

Parameter	Unit	Jaslovské Bohunice	Mochovce
Elevation above sea	m	176	261
Average annual temperature	^oC	9.3	9.1
Average annual humidity	%	76	75
Average annual rainfall	mm	548	560
Dominant wind direction		north-west	north-west
Wind velocity	m/s	3.4	1.7

										Growth
										rate (%)
										1980
	1960	1970	1980	1990	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	To
										2000
Population (millions)	4.1	4.5	5.0	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	0.4
Population density (inhabitants/km²)	85	92	105	107	109	109	110	110	110.2
Urban population as percent of total					57	57	57
Area (1000 km²)	49.0

The development of the gross domestic product (GDP) over the last ten years is shown in Table 3. The GDP and GDP per capita decreased compared with 1998. The 1996 energy consumption is shown in Fig. 2 whilst Fig. 3 shows the 1996 GDP and 1996 final energy consumption by sector. Projections of GDP in billion Slovak crowns, final energy consumption in PJ and energy requirements in PJ/billion Slovak crowns are shown in Table 4.


	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995^a	1996^a	1997^a	1998^a	1999^a	2000

GDP^(b)	15,444	10,837	11,742	11,984	13,766	18,400	19,800	20,400	21,300	19,700	19.273
GDP^(c) per capita	2,923	2,051	2,213	2,251	2,574	3,451	3,706	3,789	3,951	3,651	3.570
GDP by sector (%) :
-Agriculture	7	6	5	6	7	5	5	5	4	4
-Industry	59	60	38	41	33	36	37	34	32	32
-Services	33	34	57	53	60	59	59	62	64	64

(a) Data & Statistics/The World Bank (b) Millions of current US$ (c) Current US$ per capita
Source: IAEA Energy and Economic Data Base; Data&Statistics/The World Bank); Country Information.

TABLE 4. CURRENT AND PROJECTED DEVELOPMENT OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) IN CONSTANT 1990 PRICES<

Slovakia has only a limited amount of available domestic energy resources, i.e. brown coal, oil, natural gas and renewable resources (Table 5.1). A breakdown of the fossil fuel resources is given in Table 5.2. The energy potential of renewable resources in Slovakia is approximately 5% from the total annual consumption of primary energy resources (Table 6). Table 7.1 shows the basic energy statistics and Table 7.2 the 1999 energy balance. The historical development of primary energy consumption is given in Table 8.

Year	Development of GNP		Final energy consumption	Energy requirements
	billion Sk	inter annual index	PJ	PJ/billion Sk
1990	243.6	100.0	729	3.0
1991	208.3	85.5
1992	203.3	97.6
1993	196.8	96.8	555	2.8
1994	206.0	104.7
1995	221.2	107.4	586	2.6
1997	587.0*	-	780	-
2000	254.1	114.9	639	2.6
2005	294.6	115.9	666	2.3
2010	341.9	116.1	698	2.1

	Estimated energy reserves in
	(Exajoule)